Oceans & marine

Ocean

Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia.

Year: 2020

Photographer: Giorgia Doglioni (edited by Frameworks)


Green river

Seagrass Meadows in Greece

Year: 2017

Photographer: Dimitris Poursanidis

Re-oxygenating the Baltic

The deep waters in the Baltic are severely deoxygenated. Although the causes of the current state are complex, this is mainly a result of increased eutrophication from sewage and agricultural runoff from surrounding lands, which leads to extreme bioproductivity (Rolff et al. 2022). Some species manage to survive in the upper water layers, but many organisms living on the seafloor are severely impacted by the hypoxia, thereby influencing the health of a wide network of ecosystems and biochemical processes. There are attempts to reduce nutrient runoff into the Baltic (see for example: https://helcom.fi/baltic-sea-action-plan/). However, some argue these will be insufficient and argue for engineering solutions to the issue.

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Coastal Archipelago Park of the South Coast ("Sørlandet") of Norway, colors at the shoreline (1)

The Coastal Archipelago Park of the South Coast ("Sørlandet") of Norway covers an area of the Skagerak coast between Grenland in Telemark and Lindesnes in West Agder, including many hundreds of islands and skerries. The Sørland coast is one of the most important recreation areas of Norway and hosts a unique coastal ecosystem with special habitats and a rich biodiversity. 

Year: 2016

Photographer: Peter Prokosch

Artificial downwelling

Artificial downwelling (AD) is an idea to pump upper layer water deeper down into the ocean.

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River Ölfusá just North of Selfoss, South Iceland

The Ölfusá is Iceland's largest river in terms of volume (average flow of 423m3/s) and has major importance for the local salmon fishing industry.

Year: 2013

Photographer: Peter Prokosch

River Liming

The pH of water is lowered when it takes up atmospheric carbon. Given that the Earth’s oceans serve as a major carbon sink, there is increasing interest in the possibility to artificially increase the alkalinity of water to restore pH to previous levels, and/or increase carbon uptake potential.

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