Geoengineering: Assessing Risks in the Era of Planetary Security
17 July 2025, Olivia Lazard, Mandi Bissett, and James Dyke, carnegieendowment.org
Global warming now routinely surpasses the 1.5° Celsius threshold, prompting growing interest in geoengineering as a solution to reduce the effects of climate change. However, these approaches pose serious environmental, social, and geopolitical challenges. This paper is a primer for policymakers, particularly in Europe. It introduces a novel framework through which to view the risks associated with the individual and combined effects of various geoengineering approaches.